Schizophrenia A Possible Etiology - 1590 Words

Schizophrenia: A Possible Etiology? As for me, you must know I shouldn’t precisely have chosen madness if there had been any choice. What consoles me is that I am beginning to consider madness as an illness like any other, and that I accept it as such. -in a letter to his brother Theo According to the National Institute of Mental Health, nearly 20% of the US population may suffer from a diagnosable mental illness in any given six month period (1991). Obviously the issue of mental health warrants close scrutiny, as such illness can translate into lost work days and lost dollars. From a health care perspective, many of those suffering can be relieved of their symptoms and return to normal life, so to speak. Schizophrenia,†¦show more content†¦Too strong of a signal or one given at an inappropriate time could strengthen inaccurate connections, ones that frequently don’t receive as much attention. Thus, hyperactive CA1 neurons through DA could reinforce fantasies and trivia and cause the delusions and hallucinations of paranoid schizophrenia. (Of course, the premorbid patterns would have an effect.) (Krieckhaus, Donhoe, Morgan, 1992). When does the system go awry in schizophrenia? Unlike Parkinsonism or Huntington’s, both chronic and progressive diseases, increasing evidence points to a defective neurodevelopmental process. Brain imaging techniques have exposed a variety of structural abnormalities in persons suffering from schizophrenia, and Weinberger’s monozygotic twin studies suggest that the structural differences seen in the affected twin were likely the result of developmental defects and not genetics (Kandel). Brains of schizophrenics have shown enlarged lateral ventricles (Nasralleh, 1993) that are associated with prominent prodromal symptoms (Wright, Gill, and Murray, 1993; Randel). They also have exhibited enlarged third ventricles (Nasralleh, 1993; Wright, Gill, and Murray, 1993; Kandel), present at the onset of illness and associated with both obstetric complications (see below) and prodromal symptoms (Nasralleh, 1993). Also demonstrated were hypoplasia of medial/limbic temporal structur es, especially the hippocampus, and again present at the onsetShow MoreRelatedDiagnosis For The Etiology Of Schizophrenia821 Words   |  4 PagesIn the search for the etiology of schizophrenia, several possibilities have been investigated, including psychodynamic, autoimmune, and genetic, but two have been long pitted against each other: neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative. While there is evidence for both processes, current research is more supportive of a neurodevelopmental etiology. However, schizophrenia will likely not be explained by a single process. Since the current study did not include longitudinal studies, it is difficultRead MoreA Brief Description of Schizophrenia1135 Words   |  5 Pagesschizophrenia.com schizophrenia is a complex, debilitating mental disorder that 1-2% of the world population experience. It is a disorder of the brain that affects how people think, feel, and perceive. The purpose of this paper is to explore schizophrenia, in particular its si gns, symptoms, etiology and pathophysiology, and then examine drug treatment and their mechanism of action. This will be followed by the prognosis for people with schizophrenia. Signs and Symptoms Early signs of schizophrenia includeRead MoreClinical And Clinical Research Project1344 Words   |  6 Pagescognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia. As the clinical symptoms of this disorder emerge during early adulthood, abnormal developmental processes are thought to contribute to the pathos-physiology of the disorder. It was discovered the the DA intervention of the prefrontal cortex undergoes significant change up until adulthood which leads to Finlay’s hypothesis that the abnormal development of this system may be related to the emergence of schizophrenia. Experimental and clinical researchRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia843 Words   |  4 Pages People who suffered from schizophrenia were once mistaken to be â€Å"dangerous† and untreatable. For this reason, they were often institutionalized and removed from society (DiRocco). The causes of this mental psychotic disorder has been much more understood over the past decade resulting in th e possibility for people with schizophrenia to live more average lives. Development of treatments, such as medication and various forms of psychotherapies, have been effective in treating symptoms and common comorbidRead MoreGlutamatergic And Gabaergic Dysfunction Case Study1517 Words   |  7 PagesGlutamatergic and GABAergic Dysfunction: Predisposing Factors in Schizophrenia? Academic consensus regarding the etiology of most mental disorders is often tough to achieve due to a myriad of polygenic effects and complex gene-environment interactions; however, certain disorders such as Schizophrenia pose even more difficulty. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric condition that is marked by various positive and negative symptoms that cause fluctuations in cognitive ability and impose distorted experiencesRead MoreThe Direct Genetic Loci Accounting For Schizophrenia s Heritability Is Still Unidentified1395 Words   |  6 Pagessome form of potential risk. Compared to other mental disorders, schizophrenia is unique to having a combination of many different environmental, genetic, and biological factors. The exact cause of the disease is still unknown, but studies such as biometric and molecular screenings have proved genetic and biological factors, combined with environmental factors, is strongly connected to the etiology of the disease. Although schizophrenia is more commonly manifested during young adulthood, scientistsRead MoreNeururopsychiatric Disorders Case Study1356 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Despite strong progress in our understanding of psychiatric disorders, moving away from psychological theories of unstable ego or bad mothering1 to clear physical pathologies, the exact etiology of psychiatric diseases remains elusive. The advancements in in-vivo brain imaging and micro-array studies in the past decades have revealed much about the macroscopic and microscopic physical alterations that are happening in human patients, and has put forward a new etiological candidate: myelinRead MoreA Comparison Between Schizophrenia And Bipolar Spectrum Disorder1518 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract A comparison between schizophrenia and bipolar spectrum disorder focusing on history, etiology, treatment, and symptoms of each disease will introduce the concept of the Continuum Disease Model (CDM) as a basis for further debate and discussion on the controversial designation of schizoaffective disorder (bipolar type/depressive type). The concept of a possible connection between distinct disorders is strongly disputed between many experts due to presence of manic or hypomanic episodes asRead MoreStrengths and Weaknesses of the Biological Model and Environmental Model in Determining the Etiology of Schizophrenia3559 Words   |  15 Pagesto account for the etiology of schizophrenia. These two models, which are antecedents of the different developmental perspectives, explain how these perspectives differ and how they can be applied to gain better knowledge of the etiology of psychopathology. It is crucial to regard them in this way so as to identify their weaknesses and strengths. Biological Model and Schizophrenia Numerous scholars adopt several variants of the stress-vulnerability model of schizophrenia, and one of the mostRead MoreAccording to NAMI (), schizophrenia is a long term mental illness that interferes with a person’s1100 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to NAMI (), schizophrenia is a long term mental illness that interferes with a person’s ability to think clearly, make decisions, and relate to others, impairing a person from functioning to their full potential when left untreated. For these persons affected, it is many times difficult to distinguish what is real from what is not. â€Å"Unfortunately, no single simple course of treatment exists.† Research has linked schizophrenia to a multitude of possible causes† (NAMI). As stated by NIHM

Figuring Out Fertilizers Creating A Practical Chemical...

Figuring out Fertilizers: Creating a Practical Chemical Fertilizer Author: Michaela Buchanan Group Members: Grant Kresge, Kirk Martinson Abstract: The goal of this experiment was to create an aqueous chemical fertilizer with the mass composition of 0.80% nitrogen, 0.50% phosphorous, 0.10% potassium, and 0.20% sulfur4 and a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. The criterion of mass percent composition was addressed by conducting molarity, stoichiometry, and unit conversion calculations to determine the mass of chemicals which should be used. Solubility rules were addressed to hypothesize a combination of chemical compounds which would contain the required elements but produce no precipitant. The use of a strong acid, in this case HCl, was implemented to control the pH in the final fertilizer solution. This experiment produced an aqueous fertilizer with no precipitants which had a final pH of 7 after the addition of 0.50 mL of HCl. The validation of the initially stated hypothesis through experimental results suggested that the technique used in this experiment was both effective and practical for creating a chemical fertilizer. Introduction: Agriculture was a cornerstone of human civilization since the beginnings of organized societies. Therefore, the ability to increase the health and yield of crops was always of great interest to civilizations universally. Chemistry can be a great tool in the field of agriculture as is exemplified by the use of fertilizers in modern farmingShow MoreRelatedBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 Pageselve years after the disaster, Union Carbide became part of the Dow Chemical w Corporation, which flatly refused to assume any liabilities in India - or clean up the toxic poisons left behind saying that it was the responsibility of the Madhya Pradesh state government which had taken over the site. Today twenty five years since that fateful night, lakhs of people still living in the vicinity of the factory are exposed to toxic chemicals that continue to leach from tonnes of waste lying within the UCILRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages................ ........................................................................... 107 Creating Helpful Definitions ............................................................................................................ 110 Different Definitions for Different Purposes .............................................................................. 111 How to Avoid Errors when Creating Definitions ..................................................................... 115 Review of MajorRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 PagesAPRIL 2007 14 Departments 12 COMPANY INDEX 14 FROM THE EDITOR 53 2006 MCKINSEY AWARDS AND 2007 MCKINSEY JUDGES 20 What the Boss Wants from You What should CEOs and their direct reports expect from each other? When Larry Bossidy laid out his views to a group of young executives, they couldn’t take notes fast enough. You don’t have to write down what he said, though, because Larry has done it for you here. And it will be on the exam. 88 STRATEGIC HUMOR 111 TOOL KIT The ProcessRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesthe team 9.3.2 Team building activities 9.2.4 Virtual teams 9.3.3.1 Team performance [9.4.2.2] 9.4.2.3 Conflict management 9.3.2.6 Recognition and awards Defining the Project 4.1 Project charter 5.1 Gather requirements 5.2 Defining scope 5.3 Creating a WBS 5.4 Tools and techniques 6.1 Define activities 9.1.2. Responsibility matrixes 10.1 Communication planning (.2.3.4) [App. G-4] Chapter 12 Outsourcing 12.1.1 Procurement requirements [G.8] 12.1.2.3 Contract types 9.4.2.3 Conflict managementRead MoreIntroduction to Materials Management169665 Words   |  679 Pageslumbering, fishing, and using these resources to manufacture useful products. There are many stages between the extraction of resource material and the final consumer product. At each stage in the development of the final product, value is added, thus creating more wealth. If ore is extracted from the earth and sold, wealth is gained from our efforts, but those who continue to transform the raw material will gain more and usually far greater wealth. Japan is a prime example of this. It has very few natural

Next Day Aging Next Essay Example For Students

Next Day Aging Next Essay Next Day Aging Is aging a true moral dilemma or just harsh criticism of society? The poem Next Day by Randell Jarrell and Ulysses by Lord Tennyson Alfred are good examplesof what role society plays in wht one feels they should look like, act like, and the differences between sexes and aging. In the Next Day poem by Randell Jarrell the woman is most devastated by aging. She feels that society giver her less respect and she is pushed aside because she has aged and lost her youth and vitality. when at her friends funeral, what she sees is an aged cold body. Feeling of fear that aged and cold is all she is becoming. She feels at a loss. That because she has aged, she has lost everything that counts as a person. I feel it is obvious that this woman is desperate for something more in her life, but first she needs to realize that because you have aged does not mean your dying. It should be shown from society that your matured and experienced, with everything to offer from your mind and not just your body.In Ulysses by Lord Tennyson Alfred, there is a man who feels he is missing something in his life. Instead of living depressed and feeling hopeless, as the woman in Next Day, he decided to do something about it, by sailing off to find his new world. This is what the woman in the Next Day should be doing instead of sulking.The differences between the sexes in societies eyes, in my opinion, are when men age, they become intelligent, wise, handsome and distinguished. When women age they become old, wilted and big money makers for large cosmetic companies. If this perception could change we all could be a closer step to a perfect life in society.

The Heroin Epidemic free essay sample

With these statistics its very clear how out of control the drug problem has become in Monroe. Heroin is derived from orphine which is a natural substance found in the seedpod of the Asian opium poppy plant. With long term use the user not only gets mentally addicted to the drug, their bodys also become physically dependent on it. According to the website drugfreeworld. org, New painkillers came on the market with approval from the Food and Drug Administration: Vicodin In 1984, OxyContin In 1995, and Percocet In 1999. These are synthetic (or man-made) opiates which rnlmlc (Imitate) the bodys own painkillers. All of these synthetic opioids are also very addictive, and they all cause he same intense withdrawal symptoms that heroin does. After the introduction of OxyContin, and Percocet, Pain Management Clinics soon followed. Pain Management Clinics are doctors offices that have the sole purpose of treating patients with chronic pain, usually by use of opiate pain medication. We will write a custom essay sample on The Heroin Epidemic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of these doctors became greedy and realized that this could be a great way to capitalize. It cant be proven but some argue that these doctors knowing the high rate of addiction to these medications, began prescribing them to anyone, knowing that the patient would have to come back to see them when they ran out. The state and local officials soon became aware of this but the fact that Its extremely hard to prove whether or not a person Is really suffering from severe pain, made It extremely hard for officials to addiction especially heroin addiction its very hard to understand what leads to it, and why people will do Just about anything to get their next fix. With long term use the user not only gets mentally addicted to the drug, their bodys also become physically dependent on it. Intense withdrawals generally set in within 24 hours from their last use and get worse over the first few days. Withdrawal symptoms include vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, sleeplessness, and intense anxiety. When in full blown withdrawal the user becomes very desperate. Facing both the mental and physical effects, they will generally do anything they have to do to acquire their next fix. I interviewed 5 recovering addicts in the Monroe area who are all in a program of recovery now but did not wish to have their names mentioned. One of the female interviewees stated, When youre going through withdrawals from heroin, your whole existence is revolved around how youre going to get your next fix. I would do nything to achieve that goal, whether it be steeling from friends, family, stores, or even selling my body if I became desperate enough. She claims, Looking back now, its hard for me to believe that was me. Thats something I never would have even thought about doing Just a few short years before my addiction began. They all said that their opiate addiction actually started with prescription pain killers, 4 of them said they took some Vicodin they had found in a family members or parents home, and the fifth stated that he was prescribed Vicodin at the age of 13 when he broke is arm. They all agreed that they never meant to become addicted but couldnt resist the warm, calming, euphoria that the drug produced. Not knowing how addictive the pain medications could be, they all continued taking Vicodin until they were hooked. One gentleman stated It was all downhill from there. One day I ran out of the medication after a couple weeks of taking it and I felt awful. Monroe was greatly affected by this in the case of Dr. Oscar Linares. In March of 2011 the DEA, along with local and state police raided Dr. Linares office. According to Monroenews. om Federal, state and local officials raided the office of Dr. Oscar Linares in a strip mall on Laplaisance Rd. Wednesday following a 15-month investigation. Dr. Linares, 53, was arrested and charged with unlawfully distributing prescription drug controlled substances, including OxyContin. He also was to be charged with health care fraud, according to U. S. Attorney Barbara L. McQuade. This left a huge void in Monroe, many people were now addicted to prescription painkillers and now had nowhere to get them. While some found other doctors a majority of them found Heroin, a much stronger, cheaper form of the drug that is ery easily obtained on the streets. In 2013 the Monroe News started a campaign to aid with awareness in young teens. With articles like the two mentioned above and the very dramatic but real stories dubbed Heroin: the drug of choice which are real life stories of how the drug has affected others in this town. The goal was to raise awareness in young people in hopes that something they read or hear in the articles might sway them from ever trying heroin or prescription painkillers. The Monroe Police are also taking some measures to help control the ever-growing problem. Monroe County Sheriff, Dale Malone made a cry for help saying, The problem, he said, is not with a lack of urgency; the issue is a lack of man power. To help counter that, Sheriff Malone said the community needs to help by calling in suspicious activity Kapp to oversee Mantis, the local Narcotics Investigation Unit. Lt. Kapp states, Heroin is the main target for local Narcotics Police Teams. With time Monroe will know whether or not their new tactics were effective. Many of the towns people hope that their city can find a way to control the problem thats been ravishing their quiet community before it claims another life.

Criticism of Diego Velzquez Las Meninas, Sebastin de Morra, and Baltasar Carlos and a Dwarf essays

Criticism of Diego Velzquez Las Meninas, Sebastin de Morra, and Baltasar Carlos and a Dwarf essays Diego Velzquez was called the noblest and most commanding man among the artists of his country. He was a master realist, and no painter has surpassed him in the ability to seize essential features and fix them on canvas with a few broad, sure strokes. His men and women seem to breathe, it has been said; his horses are full of action and his dogs of life. Because of Velzquez great skill in merging color, light, space, rhythm of line, and mass in such a way that all have equal value, he was known as the painters painter, as demonstrated in the paintings Las Meninas, Sebastin de Morra, and Baltasar Carlos and a Dwarf. Las Meninas is a pictorial summary and a commentary on the essential mystery of the visual world, as well as on the ambiguity that results when different states or levels interact or are juxtaposed. The painting of The Royal Family also known as Las Meninas has always been regarded as an unsurpassable masterpiece. According to Palomino, it was finished in 1656, and, while Velzquez was painting it, the King, the Queen, and the Infantas Marà ¬a Teresa and Margarita often came to watch him at work. In the painting, the painter himself is seen at the easel; the mirror on the rear wall reflects the half-length figures of Philip IV and Queen Mariana standing under a red curtain. The Infanta Margarita is in the center, attended by two Meninas, or maids of honor, Dorbola, and a midget, Nicols de Pertusato, who playfully puts his foot on the back of the mastiff resting on the floor. Linked to this large group there is another formed by Doña Marcela de Ulloa, guardamujer de las d amas d...

Typing Spanish Accents and Symbols in Ubuntu Linux

Typing Spanish Accents and Symbols in Ubuntu Linux Typing Spanish characters on a computer keyboard laid out for English speakers can be cumbersome - but Ubuntu Linux offers a way to to make it easy with little interference to your English typing. The key to easily typing non-English characters - especially those from European languages including Spanish - is switching to different keyboard layout than the default. A more cumbersome method using the Character Map is also available if you type Spanish infrequently. How To Switch to a Spanish-Capable Keyboard The procedure for typing Spanish accents, letters and symbols as explained here is based on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus), the most recent stable version for long-term use. It should work in other distributions using the Gnome desktop. Otherwise, details will vary with the distribution. To change or add the keyboard layout in Ubuntu, select Preferences from the System Tools menu, and then select Keyboard. Click on Text Entry (other versions may say Layouts) to add or change the keyboard layout. For U.S. residents using English as a first language, the best choice (and the one explained here) is the USA International (with dead keys) layout. The USA International (with dead keys) layout gives you two ways of typing Spanish letters (and the letters of some other European languages) with diacritical marks, the dead-key method and the RightAlt method. Using Dead Keys The keyboard layout sets up two dead keys. These are keys that seem to do nothing when you press them. But what they actually do is affect the following letter you type. The two dead keys are the apostrophe/quotation key (usually to the right of the colon key) and the tilde/opening-single-quote key (usually to the left of the 1 key). Pressing the apostrophe key will place an acute accent (like on the à ©) on the following letter. So to type an à © with the dead-key method, press the apostrophe key and then the e. (To make a capital accented É, press and release the apostrophe, and then press the shift key and e at the same time.) This works for all of the Spanish vowels (as well as some other letters used in other languages). To type the à ±, the tilde key is used as the dead key. Press the shift and tilde keys at the same time (as if you were typing a stand-alone tilde), release them, then press the n key. (The location of the tilde key varies but is often to the left of the 1 key in the top row.) To type the à ¼, press the shift and apostrophe/quotation key at the same time (as if you were typing a double quotation mark), release them, and then press the u key. One problem with the use of dead keys is that they dont work well for their original function. To type an apostrophe, for example, you have press the apostrophe key and follow that with the space bar. Using the RightAlt Method The USA International (with dead keys) layout gives you a second method of typing the accented letters, as well as the only method for Spanish punctuation. This method uses the RightAlt key (usually to the right of the space bar) pressed at the same time as another key. For example, to type the à ©, press the RightAlt key and the e at the same time. If you want to capitalize it, you need to press three keys simultaneously: the RightAlt, e and shift keys. Similarly, the RightAlt key can be used in conjunction with the question mark key to make the inverted question mark, and with the 1 key to make the inverted exclamation point. These methods do not work the the Alt key on the left side of the keyboard. Here is a summary of the Spanish characters and symbols you can make with the RightAlt key: - RightAlt a- RightAlt Shift aà © - RightAlt eÉ - RightAlt e Shiftà ­ - RightAlt ià  - RightAlt i Shiftà ± - RightAlt nÑ - RightAlt n Shiftà ³ - RightAlt oÓ - RightAlt o Shiftà º - RightAlt uÚ - RightAlt u Shiftà ¼ - RightAlt yÃÅ" - RightAlt y Shift ¿ - RightAlt ? ¡ - RightAlt ! « - RightAlt [ » - RightAlt ] Unfortunately, the USA International (with dead keys) layout doesnt appear to offer a way to type the quotation dash (also called a long dash or emdash). Those who are familiar with Linux can modify the xmodmap file or use various utilities to remap a key on the keyboard to make that symbol readily available. How To Switch Between Standard and International Keyboards If you spend most of your time writing in English, the dead apostrophe key can become annoying. One solution is to install two keyboard layouts using the Keyboard configuration tool described above. To easily switch between layouts, install the Keyboard Indicator in one of your panels. Right-click on a panel, select Add to Panel and then select Keyboard Indicator. Once its installed, you can click on it anytime to switch layouts. Using the Character Map The Character Map provides a graphical display of all the characters available and can be used to select characters one-by-one for insertion in your document. In Ubuntu Linux, the Character Map is available by selecting the Applications menu, then the Accessories menu. The Spanish letters and punctuation can be found in the Latin-1 Supplement listing. To insert a character in your document, double-click on it, then click Copy. Then you can paste it in your document in the normal way, depending on your application.

How the Railway Labor Act Affected Bargaining in the Aviation Industry Essay

How the Railway Labor Act Affected Bargaining in the Aviation Industry - Essay Example ("United Airlines CEO," 2000) In the airline industry, bargaining is administered by the National Mediation Board (NMB) under the RLA. In the last half century the RLA, as applies to the airline industry, has resulted in strikes in less than 3 percent of all cases. In spite of this, most airline management views the process required by the RLA as antiquated and broken ("Ex-Gov. Goldschmidt," 2003) The railway labor act of 1926 was the first major labor legislation passed by the U.S. Congress. Instead of forming rules that applied to the whole of U.S. Industry, it targeted the railroad business, then the most important part of the transportation business in U.S. ("Bargaining Under the Railway Labor Act"). The act's purpose was essentially to replace strikes with bargaining, arbitration, and mediation as a way to resolve labor disputes. The act also disallowed employers from forcing workers to bargain through company-dominated unions. ("Collective Bargaining") There are two ways in which the RLA delays or eliminates strikes altogether: the act prolongs the process of collective bargaining; as the act requires that the parties have been released by the NMB 30 days before a strike can take place, where the date of release is the sole discretion of the NMB. ("Collective Bargaining") Second, the RLA requires mandatory arbi... ("Collective Bargaining") Both labor unions and employers benefited from the RLA. Workers, who wanted to have the opportunity to organize themselves and to obtain the proper attention from employers to negotiate new agreements and enforce existing ones, got what they wanted. So did the railroad companies. The Congress had decided that commerce had to be kept moving in the interest of the public, and thus mandated that workers, in spite of any disputes, must "work now" and "grieve later." Thus employers won the right to keep business going in spite of ongoing labor disputes. ("Railway Labor Act," 2005) There are some exceptions to the "work now, grieve later" rule, however. Workers are allowed to refuse to work when they have a reasonable belief that the work is unsafe, and when work being asked for is in clear violation of the contract. However, if the company can make a "reasonable" claim that the contract justifies the work being requested, then the employee is expected to work, and report any grievances later. ("Bargaining Under the Railway Labor Act") Under the RLA, the first step in contract negotiations are "direct negotiations," which are negotiations without the mediation of the NMB. Agreements also do not have inherent expiration dates under the RLA-expiration dates must be set within the agreement itself. Hence the agreement remains enforceable, and is the status quo, until any change is agreed upon by both parties. ("Bargaining Under the Railway Labor Act") The RLA allows strikes over major disputes (or disputes that concern the creation or modification of the collective bargaining agreement) only if all of the RLA's negotiation

HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE - Coursework Example With shortage of nurses in the healthcare sector, it is evident that the safety and quality of healthcare is indeed compromised. Ideally, the shortage would overwhelm the already existing nurses, an aspect that causes distress and dissatisfaction among such nursing professions. Additionally, there is also the possibility of frustration among the professions, which contributes significantly to burnout on the job and the other different roles played by such individuals. The increased shortage really undermines the patient treatment outcomes considering the poor service delivery aspect (AACN, 2009). A number of causes can be attributed to the shortage of clinical nurse in healthcare centers and mostly in Hallways hospital. First, it is critical to state that shortage of clinical nurses in healthcare facilities is a problem that affects the entire globe, and, therefore, not limited to a particular region (Lavoie-Tremblay et. al., 2008). This ideally means that provision of healthcare services is an element of the healthcare system that is currently under threat. Insufficient supply of nurses to hospitals is indeed a stressor for a number of institutions Hallways hospital included. Despite the difficulty in estimating the exact effect attributed to such occurrences, the reasons for the cause are very obvious. Out of the numerous causes of shortage of clinical nurses in Hallways hospital, four are identified as the potential causes. These include the increased demand of nurses in the healthcare sector. In most instances, the number of individuals registering for nursing causes in the different colleges due to the fact that poor working conditions has been identified as the possible cause. Such an aspect can well be stated as demographic changes in the nursing workforce that decreased the supply of working clinical nurses (AACN, 2009). Another significant contributor towards the increased shortage

The story of stuff Essay Example for Free

The story of stuff Essay Since the beginning of civilization, man has been working for sufficing his personal and community needs. What started as a need to survive has transformed into a vicious cycle of consuming the planet to sustain selfish desires. The movie â€Å"the story of stuff† is an excellent recreation of the actual happenings that have made people victims of their own desires. The movie very carefully first lays down the concept of the functioning of our natural resources that is to be known or rather shown to us from many years. Once the normal routine is shown, the movie takes us to a ride which explains every single facet right from natural resource extracted for production, then to distribution and later to consumption and disposal. The movie is very cleverly made and it leaves no stone unturned for the concept to reach to its viewer with the medium of simple animation. With excellent narration the movie reaches out and explains aspects that actually are not give much thought about for instance, when natural resources are send into toxin oozing factories in third world countries, the pollution which is left by the these factories not only affects the third world country but also the rich western country as currents take the pollution back to them. The movie also sheds light on issues such toxins being used in companies and later when the product for which it was used is all set to be disposed the toxins inside it become super toxins like dioxin which are very harmful for everything. It has been a known fact that the resources of this world are being used in large quantities, but the movie explains the part that not only it is being used in huge bilks but also the rate in which a product is being injected in the market and later disposed is awe striking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The movie does a fantastic job in reminding us that in the midst of all the luxury and infinite products to choose from we are self immolating ourselves as apart from the natural resources and the environment, we are polluting the word mankind itself. The concept of how a cheap product is actually made and has a low rate not only makes one think but also one starts feeling guilt as people from all around the world have to pay away with their lives their environment for a product to be cheaper than cheap. The movie leaves its viewer with a heart sunk feeling and just makes the viewer open his eyes to places he had closed for his own benefits. The ugly nexus of corporations and government is shown in such a way that makes one think, that can government for its own profits make corporations bigger while completing ignoring the hazard that is going to be caused by it. ‘The story of stuff’, is a remarkable film which in a very simplistic fashion explains the destruction happening and warns of a bigger destruction waiting at the corner. The movie inspires and makes its viewers think about investing in green chemistry and sustainability along with zero waste theory that would help people to live a life where they are more than just obnoxious consumers for greedy companies. The following stanza explains the need for a change to save the planet: ‘One of the keys to mainstreaming  environmental sustainability is by making it easy for people to do the right thing, rather than requiring an extra effort to chose the environmentally preferable option’ (Annie Leonard). Work Cited: 1) Annie Leonard, â€Å"The Ugly Side of the Beauty Industry†. http://www.storyofstuff.com/blog/

Egyptian Pyramids Essay -- Egypt Pyramid

In the deserts of Egypt lie the colossal remains of an ancient civilization. These enormous works of human endeavor are the only member of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World that time has passed down to us. These are, of course, the great pyramids of ancient Egypt. But these imposing structures were not built to impress civilization millennia down the road. The pyramids in fact had a purpose to the ancient Egyptians. While they seem very simple in nature, as they are simply four-sided pyramids with square bases, they had a meaning for those that had them built. Even by today’s standards, the pyramids of ancient Egypt were an impressive feat of engineering, due to their enormous size, both in building materials and finished product. Indeed, there is more to these mysterious pyramids of the ancient Egyptians than meets the eye. Before a decent discussion of the pyramids is begun, a bit of background history must be set forth. The ancient Egyptian empire lasted for over 3,000 years, beginning at around 3,100 BCE and ending just shy of 300 years before the dawn of the Common Era. Historians break up the empire chronologically into nine separate eras. The second of these eras, known as the Old Kingdom, is when all of the pyramid construction took place, and dates from 2,686-2,181 BCE (Edwards 1). During this era, Egypt’s kings and queens were buried inside these pyramids. Presently, there are about ninety such pyramids—or remains of pyramids—which stretch along the desert just to the west of the Nile River (Edwards 2). The previous style of burial of Egyptian pharaohs was the mastaba, a flat-roofed structure made of brick. However, at the beginning of the Old Kingdom, stone was introduced as a building material. Building with... ...never be known, but some, such as Senefuru and Khufu have, in a sense, reached immortality. Imhotep, the architect of many of these great monuments, has too become immortalized in history as being one of the first known architects as a result of his work on the pyramids. These pyramids have solidified these ancient rulers as well as others in the pages of history. These pyramids have stood the test of time, and most likely, thousands of years from now, when all our modern skyscrapers have either toppled or been dismantled, the pyramids of the ancient Egyptians will still stand tranquilly in the desert and invoke the same mystery and inspiration to the future generations who gaze at them. Works Cited Edwards, I.E.S. The Pyramids of Egypt. Middlesex, England: Viking Books, 1985. Fakhry, Ahmed. The Pyramids. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1961.

Muted Group Theory and the Little Mermaid

Muted Group Theory This topic is to basically analyze the theory of Muted Group and to see how it correlates with Walt Disney’s The Litter Mermaid. What is Muted Group Theory? Muted Group Theory was first proposed by Edwin Ardner and the theory is an attempt to explain why certain groups in society are muted which means they are either silent or just not heard. Edwin Ardener was an anthropologist who discovered that a group becomes mute due to the lack of power that is experienced of a group with a low status. Ardener then realized that this particular theory might form more of a gender perspective. Females are seen as being constructed differently and it is these specific differences that cause females to act in a different way as opposed to males. It is these reasons that women and minorities are to be considered muted groups because they are considered to be of a lower status than the dominant groups. Ardener called the theory the muted group because these muted groups are liken to black holes since they are muffled, overlooked and invisible (Griffin. 003: Prentice. 2005: Rogers 1978). It is not necessarily always seen that women are automatically muted or feel like a muted group but women believe that have no choice in order to â€Å"fit in† other than to change the way they act and talk. Women still live in a world that is dominated by men and women have taken the backseat to a man for centuries and depending on some cultures, the status of women and how they are viewed is not likely to change any time soon. There is quite a bit of power play being executed in environments where a specific group because of gender, race, or cultural background cannot be heard for who they are, but rather only by acting in ways they are reflective of who is â€Å"listening†, the dominant group. It would not be until Cheris Kramarae offered a different perspective to the Muted Group Theory. According to Cheris Kramarae, language is something that was constructed by man. The words and thoughts of women are ignored in our society. Because of this, it is difficult for women to express their experiences as opposed to men. Kramarae further stated that language does not serve all its speakers in an equal manner regardless of the culture because women are not as free as men to say what they want, when they want, and where they want. Men have a dominant control of society and how the members of society should express themselves. As such, different terms are used to describe tasks done by both males and females even when they are doing the exact same thing. It is also because of this that most sexual suggestions that are considered degrading are usually referring to women than to men (Anderson & Haddad 2005; Eckert & McConnel-Ginet, 1992; Epstein, 1986; Griffin, 2003; Prentice. 2005: West. 1983). In Order for women to express themselves to others, they must do so as how males express themselves (Epstein, 1986; Griffin, 2003; Rogers. 1978; Stets & Burke. 1996) One of Kramarae’s first published articles explains why women are perceived differently in the world and how they are not only less powerful but a group that does not speak a similar language as men. Men and women speak a different language. According to popular belief, at least, the speech of women is weaker and less effective than the speech of men. Our culture has many jokes about the quality of women’s speech . . .. Compared to male speech, the female form is supposed to be emotional, vague, euphemistic, sweetly proper, mindless, endless, high-pitches, and silly† (p. 82). The Muted Group Theory does not necessarily explain all the possible ways woman can interact to obtain their desired goals within an organization or something along those lines. Some women use certain techniques and tactics in which they are inherently strong and it is these particular women who can overcome the male power. One prime example of a women overcoming male power is the classic Disney Movie â€Å"the Little Mermaid†. When Walt Disney released its adaptation of Hans Christian Andersen’s â€Å"The Little Mermaid,† it had become a box-office hit. Yet, the movie captured the attention not just of young girls back in the late 1980’s but sociologists and anthropologists as well since the movie became a perfect example of whey they had termed as the â€Å"muted group theory. References Griffin, E. M. (1991). A first look at communication theory (3rd Ed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ISU Communication Studies. (n. d. ). Context of communication. Muted Group Theory Information Page. (1998, April 8). Kramarae, C. (1996). Classified information: Race, class, and (always) gender. In J. Wood (Ed. ), Gendered relationship s (pp. 20-38). Mountain View, CA: Mayfield. Kramarae, C. (1981). Women and men speaking: Frameworks for analysis. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.

DICOM VS Captiva Case Study Essay

1. What are the key business success factors and risks for DICOM and Captiva? DICOM is a Swiss company that has sales in Europe, Asia, and the United States. They provide services ranging from structured, semi-structured, and unstructured information capture products. DICOM also sells hardware, primarily scanners, through its group sales force. DICOM has differentiated their product offering for the different regions that it operates. And the products that are provided are developed through research and development and also acquisitions. This allows DICOM to provide a diverse set of products that can cover many markets and many different users. DICOM operates in the U.S. under Kofax capture software that was bought in 2004 and primarily offers the information capture software’s to their consumers. There are risks in this industry. DICOM operates in many different markets and is subject to inflation, interest, and foreign currency risks. DICOM operates in three different geographic segments that are managed independently of each other. Each market has their own inherent risks and DICOM needs to be aware of every possible circumstance in order to remain prosperous. Captiva Corporation is a U.S. based company that provides similar services as DICOM. Captiva sells structure, semi-structured, and unstructured information capture products, but also sells hardware. Captiva uses its own research and development, as well as strategic acquisitions to provide customers with the different types of information capture products. Captiva sells primarily in the United States, but is able to sell in the areas of insurance, financial services, technology, government, and manufacturing. Involvement in so many distinct markets allows Captiva to hedge their risks better against harsh economic times and different interest rate risks. Additionally, Captiva has a large chain of resellers, which accounts for nearly 39% of revenues. Future profits will best be achieved by leveraging to existing customer base, increase reseller sales, moving into new markets, and broadening the product offering. But like DICOM, Captiva has business risks that they need to be aware of in their industry. Captiva has 80% of their sales in the United and States and cannot hedge their risks if a crisis develops in that country. Captiva has a large amount of revenues coming from resellers and a drop in this segment could lose the company millions. 2. Do the financial statements for the two firms enable you to compare their performance? If not, what changes need to be made to ensure comparability? The financial statements are for two different governmental requirements from two different countries. DICOM operates under the European system of IFRS and Captiva operates under GAAP. With this said, just looking at the financial statements makes it extremely difficult to determine performance. To be able to make a comparison between the two companies easier, their needs to be a reconciliation of the two different accounting systems. IFRS and GAAP need to be put together to form one individual accounting entity. What exactly need to be changed are the standards. When looking at the balance sheet, you are able to see just how different the systems operate. In GAAP, cash is the first line, but in IFRS Fixed assets are the first line. Changing to a consolidated system would allow for the best way to make an accurate comparison between t wo firms in different geographical regions. 3. What financial ratios would you use to judge performance of DICOM and Captiva? How do they compare on these dimensions? The financial ratio used to give us a better assessment of performance is return on equity. Return on equity is the amount of income earned from shareholder investments. And this gives us a look at how much money a company is able to generate from their shareholders. Return on equity is profit margin X asset turnover X financial leverage. The table below shows the ROE for the two companies in the periods of 2003 and 2004. As we can tell from the chart, Captiva earns more money per dollar of shareholder investment than DICOM. To further get a better understanding of the companies, we can use financial, liquidity, and debt ratios to measure performance. DICOM has a better return on assets than Captiva, but not by much. So, we can determine that they both are similar in this area. Captiva has higher gross margins and lower debt than DICOM. So, it is predictable that Captiva has access to money faster and can leverage this pool of resources to invest in R&D and acquiring new companies. 4. Which company do you rate as the better investment? WHY? Both companies are in a fast paced, technology based industry. Before investing, you need to do the proper due diligence into all functions of the business before investing. In this case, it is decided that we would invest in Captiva. Captiva is a U.S. based company that is diversified into many different sectors. They sell to government, insurance, technology, and manufacturing. This would help them hedge against economic risks. Captiva is also not as affected by inflation, currency, and interest rate risk as DICOM. Captiva also is currently providing a higher return on equity on their investments. This shows that the money that is provided is being used efficiently. Captiva seems to be doing well in the U.S. domestic market and has a secondary reseller section that provides stability and consistent revenues. Captiva seems to be the company that can provide the growth and sufficient returns on investments that we are currently look for.

Claude Debussy Essays

Claude Debussy Essays Claude Debussy Paper Claude Debussy Paper although being taught by a violinist. Unwillingly and without hesitance, De Belleville offered Claude lessons on piano, which Claude eagerly accepted. Antoinette Maude Belleville was very overwhelmed with Debussy aspiring talent. Throughout the course of a year, De Belleville trained Debussy vigorously so that Debussy could enter the Conservatoire De Paris, which was (and still Is) a top drawer school for those who are serious on pursuing the career of music or any art for the matter. After a successful audition, on October 22, 1872, Debussy was sequentially admitted in the Conservatoire De Paris. Matt © was so glued onto Debussy and his accomplishments, that Debussy father declared her as Debussy Godmother. Debussy entered the Conservatoire De Paris with a mindset that he was going to major In Plano Performance. Years later, he decided to change his major to interminable years. Debussy studied composition with Ernest Guard, harmony with Emilie Duran, piano with Antoine Francisco Marmoreal, music history and music theory with Louis-Albert Obbligato Discouraged and college with Albert Laving. Throughout his life at the Conservatoire De Paris, Debussy endures many arduous examinations and competitions; some receiving him high marks and comments, others nothing. His first comment was given to him by his piano teacher, Antoine Francisco Marmoreal, on January 13, 1874. The comment was, Charming child, true temperament of an artist; will become a distinguished musician; a great future. Months later, on July, he receives a second honorable mention for playing Chopping Second Piano Concerto. One year later, he receives a first honorable mention in his piano examination; Chopping 1st Ballade is what he played for the examination. On January 16, 1876, Debussy made his first appearance in concert with a local industry brass band. At the concert, which took place in Chauncey, he accompanied Letting Mended in a program filled with operatic excerpts and instrumental pieces. Back in the Conservatoire De Paris, later that year, he receives his a first medal for his excellence in the college examinations. Soon, the year 1877 comes along. It was that year that experiences the expiration of his brother, Eugene, who was less than four years old. The cause of his death was meningitis, a sickness that wouldnt find a cure until many years after. The death of Eugene did not affect Debussy playing and study, for he won second prize in his piano examination, playing Schumann Sonata in G Minor. In 1878, Debussy failed his piano examination. In 1879, Debussy, he was awarded no prizes for his piano and college examinations. Mile Duran says that Debussy a child that is extremely gifted in Harmony, but is desperately careless during school. 1880 was a certainly a year of learning and rebuilding for Claude Debussy. Debussy signed up for an Accompanist class with Augusta Bacilli in 1879 and in 1880, he won first medal on the accompanist examinations. Debussy soon realizes hat he needs to start finding out ways in which he can make ends meet while still attending the Conservatoire De Paris. He later then found two part-time Jobs that lead to an essentially critical part for the formation of his composition career. His first part time Job was to be an accompanist to a choral society named La Concordia. This was proved almost disastrous because, predictably, Debussy decided to never show up to any of La Concordats rehearsals. His other part-time Job was being an accompanist to singer Victorian Mortar-Saints. This part-time Job is the one he favored over the dreadful choral works of La Concordia. During an event with Mortar-Saints, Debussy received an invitation from Menhaden Von Neck. Menhaden Von Neck was an important figure, due to her great friendship and patronage with the genius Photo Lacily Tchaikovsky, whom which Debussy respected and looked Upton as a composer but had very little impact on him and his future works. Von Neck sought out Debussy so that Debussy could accompany Von Neck and her family as an accompanist and a piano teach/tutor. During the three summers that Debussy was with the Von Neck family, Debussy and the Von Neck family traveled many lengths on grand tours all across Europe and even extending to Asia. Debussy traveled to Interlayer in Switzerland, Archon in Russia. Debussy had a short relationship with Sonic Von Neck, Menhaden Von Necks daughter. Although short, Debussy was almost close to marrying Sonic Von Neck, but was then denied after Menhadens refusal, since Sonic Von Neck was in fact only sixteen and too young to marry in Menhadens eyes. This love must have not lasted great lengths; this love was merely on adolescent and could have soon been forgotten n. But eventually, Debussy did find much grander love, and also much older if you will. Although thirteen years to his senior, Debussy fell in love with Bleach Adelaide Evasive. Evasive was everything Debussy every wanted. The color of her eyes were the perfect shade of green, which was Debussy favorite color, and her voice, to him, was heavenly light. And to top it all off, she sung with the voice of a thousand angels. Her hair color was red to brown which Debussy thought was splendid. Evasive was thirty-two and was married to Eugene-Henry Evasive, a man very dedicated to his work as a registrar of buildings. Eugene-Henry Evasive was also extremely wealthy man and only two years to Debussy senior. Although a married woman, Evasive longed for Debussy. Evasive ultimately longed for love, and to her, Debussy could supply that love. Eugene-Henry Evasive could supply her expensive tastes, but not her love and passion for music. Debussy was Evasive unsatisfying craving for an ever so passionate but secretive love. Evasive had a profound impact on Debussy and his compositions. On May 12, 1882, Evasive performed two of Debussy compositions, Less Roses and Fete Gallant, with Debussy as an accompanist. Debussy was truly in love with the only woman or person that have sung his music to date. He would pour out music for her to sing Just so that he can her voice. Evasive was an inspiration for Debussy to write music. From 1881 to 1884, Debussy wrote twenty-three gorgeous compositions. Madame Evasive was the only muse to ever inspire musical feelings. In 1883, Debussy was admitted for the PRI De Rome competition. The PRI De Rome was highly competitive contest for scholarship solely for students of the arts. Disciplines included Architecture, which is what the PRI De Rome was originally intended for, Painting, Sculpture, Engraving and Musical Composition. He was ranked Ruth for his composition Invocation, a work for male voice choir and orchestra based on a text by Alphorns De Almandine. A couple of weeks later, Debussy is admitted for the final competition for the PRI De Rome. Second prize is given Debussy with his cantata to words by Mile Mortar, called Lee Gladiator. Debussy was surely the new of everyone in the PRI De Rome competition. On his first attempt, he was awarded second prize which is a crowning achievement. One year later, Debussy was admitted for the PRI De Rome competition yet again. His composition Lee Printers, a composition for mixed choir and orchestra to words y Jules Barrier, ranked Debussy fourth in the preliminaries. On May 24, 1884, Debussy was admitted for the final competition for the PRI De Rome. It was then that he won the PRI De Rome with Leant Prorogue, a lyrical composition. The PRI De Rome demanded that the first place winner had to stay for three years to study in Rome at the Villa Medici. Debussy was actually quite depressed when he received word that he had become the winner of the PRI De Rome. Debussy despised Rome. At the Villa Medics, along side Paul Vidal (1883 PRI De Rome Winner), Georges Marty and Gabriel Pierre. The first couple months in Rome are depressing for Debussy and he intentionally makes no effort to even being happy. Debussy only wants to leave and be with Evasive. During the years at Villa Medics, he wrote nothing of interest. The most interest he had in Villa Medics was meeting and becoming acquaintances with Franz List. Paul Vidal and Debussy perform Faust-symphony for two pianos for Franz List to hear. List, a couple days later, performs his very own transcription of Schubert Eave Maria and Au board dune source. During his stay at Rome, Debussy would escape to Paris see his love Evasive. Eugene-Henry would be completely unaware of the affair between them, since Eugene-Henry would often be on work leaves and would assume that Debussy would visit to accompany her. After two dreaded years at Rome, he finally convinces the committee of the PRI De Rome and of the Villa Medics to allow him to leave Rome. After returning to Paris, he went to go seek the Vaccines but couldnt. The Evasive shunned Debussy and his decision to leave Rome. With nowhere else to go, he decided to go back to his family in the rue De Berlin. Shortly after his arrival, he found that his father was without a Job. He soon saw that that he had to make of his own living by giving piano lessons and doing hackwork for publishers on occasion. The money made from his pieces that have been published over the next few years like Artistes, Deuce Arabesques, The Petite Suite and more, did not produce enough monetary income to sustain his parents while he was with them momentarily nor did it even sustain him as he moved into a fifth floor apartment at 42 rue De Londoner. Since his return from Rome, Debussy began socializing more and more with symbolist poets, whose work would crucially inspire Debussy own work. Mallard, a poet that Debussy befriended, said that poetry should be transcendental and should strive for the abstraction of music. With this being said, it is to no surprise that Mallards writing is generally regarded as obscure. In 1891, Debussy met one of his soon to be, most loyal friend at the time, composer Erik State, who is famous for his Gymnosperms composition. In spring of 1890, Debussy meets Gabrielle Dupont, daughter of a tailor at Leslies. Gabrielle soon becomes Debussy newfound love. Debussy and Gabby both struggled together, looking for way to make ends meet. The inevitably split and go in different directions, but much praise is given to Gabby. During Debussy time with Gabby, Debussy wrote many masterpieces such as The String Quartet, the Propose Leeriness, Pellets et Melanesian, Prelude a Leapers-midi dun fauna (which is regarded as the first ground breaking piece of modern music), the Nocturnes and much more. It was a wonder how Debussy and Gabby even stayed together for so long! Debussy was with more women that ever during his affair with Gabby! He even proposed and organized a marriage with Theres Roger, a renowned interpreter of Debussy vocal works. He called off the marriage on March 17, 1894. She then fell into a depression, married a divorced engraver four years later, and then died four years later. Gabby soon got fed up with Debussy cheating on her, so she left him in September of 1898. Debussy met his next love during his relationship with Gabby in the spring of 1898. Her name was Rosalie Dexter but was commonly known Lilly. Gabby told Lilly about Debussy threatened to commit suicide if she didnt. They soon got married on October 19, 1899 with Erik State and Lousy as their witnesses. They enjoyed three years of utter happiness. Debussy was able to continue to work on his works such as Pellets, and Stamped and two of the Nocturnes. The Nocturnes would soon be written for Lilly because of their incapability of having children, her abortion, and her tubercular patches on the top of both of her lungs. Debussy had to send poor Lilly away to the Pyroxenes for three to four months. On top of the recent events, Debussy was also in a horrible financial situation. After months at the hospital, Lilly finally came back and in time to hear the premier of Pellets. In 1904, Lilly Debussy attempts suicide by shooting herself. Unsuccessful, her attempted suicide appears all over the news and many friends of Debussy start to draw away. Along with their divorce in 1905, many of Debussy pieces start to become more and more frequently performed. Performances of Masque, La Mere, Lease Joyous, Pellets et Melinda and Trots Melodies De Overlain. Debussy soon meets Emma Abroad, the mother of a pupil of his. They had a wonderful time together as their loved sparked more and more. During this time, around October, Lilly decided that she could not live through another anniversary, so she killed herself publicly. In 1905, Debussy started thinking about children more often. Emma, a woman who was still not married to Debussy yet, was an astonishing seven months pregnant. Now that his old professor bought a piece from Debussy, called La Mere, Debussy was receiving much royalties and had more time on his hands to compose music. Debussy started composing Childrens Corner Suite, a gorgeous six movement suite, for his impending daughter. Then, ever so promptly, Claude-Emma Debussy was born on October 30, 1905. Both Emma and Debussy were both flourishing financially and their relationship was without flaw. In 1908 Childrens Corner Suite was finished and dedicated completely to Claude-Emma, or better known as Couch. Childrens Corner Suite was inspired by toy animals and childhood memories for Couch to remember as she gets older. But the good times most certainly dont last forever, especially in Clauses life. Sigmund Abroad, Enemas ex-husband, failed to pay his alimony payments and have to be pursued and put into court. Also, on Enemas Uncles will, only to her displeasure, only left Emma 5000 francs, which is essentially nothing. Debussy had to resort to going on the road to conduct his own works to raise up some money. Lonely, toothsome trips to London, Vienna, Amsterdam, Budapest, Moscow, SST. Petersburg, Turin, Rome, The Hogue and Brussels from this moment to the time of his death. This made relationships with Emma more complicated and she even mailed a lawyer about a possible separation, but she endured and stuck with him. Debussy was major in debt and him nor could his family even afford a happy holiday in the year 1912 and 1913. Over the next five years, his life became worse and worse. He started getting thinner and weaker and paler. On March 1917, he finished his Violin Sonata, which was the last piece he ever rote before staying in bed for the last year of his life. One year later, during his last days, he was relieved by his dearest friend Vines, who would come to play him his so much pleasure like a cigarette, is the one thing that surely helped kill him. Claude Achilles Debussy died Monday, March 25th, 1918, due to Collateral Cancer. Couch only outlived her father by a mere year, due to the Diphtheria epidemic of 1919 when a doctor gave her a wrong treatment. Claude Debussy was an influence not only to pianists, but to composers and musicians of all genres. Debussy may have been a bastard of love, but a genius of music.

Words in the Struct Family

Words in the Struct Family Words in the Struct Family Words in the Struct Family By Mark Nichol The Latin source of the element struct, the basis of structure and other words pertaining to literal and figurative building and unbuilding, is also the root of a couple of unexpected words. The root word in common is struere, meaning â€Å"arrange,† â€Å"build,† or â€Å"pile.† Words based on structure, which functions both as a noun meaning â€Å"building† or â€Å"something constructed† and as a verb meaning â€Å"build† or â€Å"organize,† include the adjectives structural and structured, the adverb structurally, and the noun structuralism, which pertains to several distinct methods or movements in anthropology, linguistics, and psychology. (The rare noun structuration pertains more pragmatically to the interrelationship of components.) From the latter word comes the forms structuralist, structuralization, structuralize, structuralized, and structuralistically. Words consisting of a prefix attached to struct and the element -ion include construction and its antonym destruction, as well as instruction and obstruction. The qualitative adjectival forms for these words replace -ion with -ive (instruction also has a quantitative adjectival form ending in -al), and the adverbial forms append -ly. Noun forms pertaining to the quality of the construction, destruction, instruction, or obstruction attach -ness to the adjectival form. Alone among the four terms, destruction has an irregular verb: destroy (from the Old French verb destruire). One who destroys is a destroyer, but that word typically refers not to a person but to a thing- a particular type of warship, originally called a torpedo boat destroyer. (There is also a type called a destroyer escort, designed to protect other vessels against submarines.) The verb destruct was introduced by back-formation a few hundred years ago but has died out except in rocketry (referring to deliberate destruction of a malfunctioning launched rocket) and in the related terms auto-destruct and self-destruct, which are synonyms. Construct, instruct, and obstruct are the verb forms for the other words. The capacity of something to be constructed, destroyed, or instructed is described with constructability (and its adjectival form constructable) and so on, although the spelling of destruct’s appendages are -ible and -ibility; obstruct did not acquire these forms with either spelling. (In addition, of the four nouns and adjectives, only those based on destruct have antonyms formed by adding the prefix in-.) The noun form instructor is common, but the equivalents for the other three words are rare. The suffixes -ist and -ism, meanwhile, can be applied to construction and the equivalent nouns to refer to various philosophies. In computer technology, the terms macroinstruction and microinstruction refer to multiple or single instructions for coding; the former term is abbreviated to macro, but micro does not seem to have been adopted to apply to the latter term. Two words whose kinship with the struct family is not immediately apparent are construe (from the Latin term construere, meaning â€Å"relate grammatically†), which means â€Å"make clear† or â€Å"interpret,† and misconstrue, which means â€Å"misunderstand† and is therefore not an antonym. Construable describes something that can be construed, and construal is the act of construing something. (Misconstrue has equivalent forms.) A term with an even more effective disguise is industry, which in its Latin form, indostruus, means â€Å"diligent† but now usually pertains to labor applied to the creation of products or to classes of businesses (such as the motion picture industry) with products in common. The adjectives industrial and industrious differ in that the former, in the sense of â€Å"manufacturing,† is neutral and the latter refers, in the sense of â€Å"diligence,† to the quality of industry. Either form takes the adverbial ending -ly, but only the latter is the basis of a noun ending in -ness. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Dialogue Dos and Don'ts50 Latin Phrases You Should Know30 Words Invented by Shakespeare

Strategic marketing Case analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic marketing Case analysis - Essay Example In fact, the brand value of Haagen-Dazs has become the top-ranked ice cream all over the world. Another strong point of Haagen-Dazs is its decision to penetrate the global countries particularly in Japan, the United States, Canada, London, France, Germany, Holland, Belgium, Sweden, Taiwan, and South Korea. Reaching out for the global market contributes to a bigger global share for Haagen-Dazs. A good marketing strategy was used by the company in terms of their decision to penetrate the five-star hotels and high-class restaurants. The said marketing promotion by giving the customers who purchase at least a 500ml tub of Haagen-Dazs ice cream products would receive a free voucher which entitles them for a discounted meal for two among the participating restaurants. This strategy was effective in encourage the spread of word-of-mouth which creates a brand awareness Lastly, the company uses a massive marketing distribution such as the retail stores, supermarket chains, delicatessen, cinemas, convenience stores, bakeries up to video stores, etc. Considering the good quality product, store outlets were carefully chosen by the marketers. Unlike in other multi-national companies that manufacture ice-cream products, Haagen-Dazs is focused only in producing luxury ice-cream. This makes Haagen-Dazs lose some market shares who prefers product that ranges between economy to standard quality ice-cream. When other competitors started to follow the foot-step of Haagen-Dazs in terms of producing an extra luxury ice cream at a much lower price, Haagen-Dazs was no where to go but to shred of some of their market shares with the competitors. The only way for Haagen-Dazs to be able to win back its market share is by producing a much better quality ice cream at the same price or produce a lower quality ice cream at a much lower price. I believe that the strongest quality that Haagen-Dazs was able to create is

Curriculum Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Curriculum Leadership - Essay Example The Newton County School requires that its teaching fraternity evaluate the effectiveness of the current curriculum and determine if there is need to make some adjustments. The curriculum is dynamic in nature since it changes with the alteration and modifications in the job market. For instance, there are changes in technology, administration skills, and business management among other developmental aspects of the current job market. It would be wise to equip students with such advancements to increase their suitability. This work would focus on some of interview conducted to ascertain the need of some changes in the Newton county school’s curriculum among other issues related to the school’s curriculum formulation. The school leaders must, however, adhere to the school policies and standards as stipulated by the government’s and school’s strategic plan. Furthermore, the school administration is charged with the responsibility of standardizing the curricul um as per the required standard set by the Georgia Department of Education. The formulation of such policies is done with the encouragement of the parent and community input in the operation of the school district. Public opinion or participation is also involved in the formulation of the curriculum or policies (Hlebowitsh, 2005). The most important consideration is that the county’s curriculum must match that of other counties, as required by the Education Act of the United States. The policies are centered on various issues such as school district organization, school board operations, general school administration, fiscal management, business management, facility expansion programs, personnel, instructional programs, students, and inter-organizational relations. Under instructional program policies there are sections addressing policies on curriculum design processes, gifted student programs, scheduling for instruction, policies on unstructured break times, media programs, promotion, and retention of students. The interview session The main purpose of the interview session with the county’s education officer was to ascertain whether the county’s education system was at par with other counties’, as required by the U.S. law. I got a chance to ask him what factors are considered before a certain curriculum is considered obsolete. The term obsolete has been never applicable in any education system; what applies is updated system which requires improvement and adjustment. The county requires school administrators, parents, work force representatives to meet at the end of each year and discuss the current advancements that call for change in the school curriculum. He further argued that counties are in competition; hence, no county would wish to lag behind, as far as school curriculum is concerned. The aim of any education system is to produce a whole round personality ready to be absorbed in the job market. The end product of an educa tion system should have good ethics, technology knowledge, physically fit, be morally upright and flexible in terms of relevant changes in the job market. Hence, it requires a comprehensive curriculum to train such students. The director also mentioned that he does not call for overworking them. The children’

Secrets of the FBI (Ronald Kessler) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Secrets of the FBI (Ronald Kessler) - Assignment Example It shows they are not able to effectively get the information they need so they resort to blackmail. This will increase accountability to the service. The second issue of agreement is the exposure about their training. 20 weeks training, shooting accuracy of 80% and above, firing 3900 rounds of ammunition in 20 weeks and training in surveillance, undercover tactics is a show of good training and even the enemy would be scared of this. There are also some things mentioned that are not agreeable. First, the very exposure of the internal operations of the service is totally unacceptable. This was also expressed by two callers who expressed much pessimism about the revelation. It aids the enemy and causes violent aggression to any American in any building across the world. Secondly, the financial exposure would send the economists back to their drawing board about the amount of funds spend on this training. It implores a waste of hard earned cash from the consolidated fund. Given that it is being aired live, it may send the wrong picture to the public about government expenditure and priorities. Someone in Criminal Justice requires knowing this because the revelation would create caution to him/her. The way any American is viewed globally totally changes and there is also need to invent new methods of operation to increase their

Causes and Treatments of Sepsis

Causes and Treatments of Sepsis Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals today. It has been defined as the bodys response to an infection when organisms invade the body (Baudouin 2008). Its an infection which is caused by micro organisms or bacterias that invade the body. Sepsis can lead to acute organ dysfunction followed by multi-organ failure and death. In the early stages of sepsis the immune response can be characterised as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (Chamberlain 2008). This is the bodys response to a variety of severe clinical insults. It is characterised by the presence of two or more of the following features: Temperature >38ÂÂ °C or 90/min, Respiratory rate > 20/min or PaCO2 12 x 109/l altered mental status, blood glucose>7.7mmol/l in absence of diabetes (LTHTR Sepsis Care Pathway 2009).Sepsis is defined as SIRS in response to infection (I, Mackenzie 2001). The surviving Sepsis campaign was launched in October (2002) aiming to increase awareness of sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock among healthcare staff and the general public, develop evidence based guidelines for the management of severe sepsis and ensure that guidelines are put to practice globally. In the Nice Clinical guideline 50- acutely ill patients in Hospital they made key recommendations to ensure early identification of the acutely ill patient and prevent deterioration of condition thus reduce patient mortality, morbidity and length of stay, to reduce ICU admissions and re admission. Initial management of a critically ill patient includes: Immediate assessment of the airway, breathing and circulation Baseline observations HR, RR, BP, O2 sats, capillary refill, EWS and AVPU to assess level of consciousness A brief history A limited examination of the relevant systems of the body. A secondary assessment after stabilisation of the patient including a more thorough history, detailed examination by system and appropriate investigations. The golden hour an early window of opportunity immediate resuscitation with oxygen and fluids prevents secondary injury to organs as a result of hypoxemia and hypovalaemia helping to reduce mortality and morbidity. The timing of clinical intervention is essential to the survival of septic patients (Chamberlain 2008). Respiratory failure is common and may develop at any stage so repeated assessments are necessary. A depressed conscious level is the most common cause of airway obstruction (I, Mackenzie 2001). A clear airway does not indicate effective breathing. Failure of gas exchange may be caused by lung problems (pneumonia, lung collapse, pulmonary oedema), failure of the mechanics of ventilation. Respiratory failure is suggested by signs of respiratory distress including dyspnoea, increased respiratory rate, use of accessory muscles, cyanosis, confusion, tachycardia, sweating. The diagnosis is made clinically but may be confirmed by pulse oximetry and arterial blood gases. Patients with a depressed conscious level may not react normally to hypoxia and signs of respiratory failure may be difficult to detect. Patients with inadequate ventilation, gas exchange or both require ventilatory support. This usually necessitates intubation and mechanical ventilation although in some patients gas exchang e and oxygenation can be improved by the application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) by face mask or non-invasive ventilation. As per LTHTR sepsis care pathway (2009) high flow oxygen to be given to maintain a target of >94% using a non rebreath mask. Oxygen to be reduced when patient stable. In critically ill patients, high concentration oxygen should be administered immediately and this should be recorded afterwards in the patients health record (BTS guideline for emergency oxygen use in adult patients 2008). Tachycardia and hypotension are almost universal findings in the septic patient and result from a number of cardiovascular problems. In early sepsis, and in patients who have been partially or fully fluid resuscitated, the low blood pressure and high heart rate are associated with a high cardiac output and a low peripheral vascular resistance with warm peripheries and bounding pulses. In contrast, patients who have not been significantly resuscitated or have presented late in the course of their illness have a low cardiac output and high systemic vascular resistance. These patients are peripherally cold, sweaty, with weak, thready pulses and they need urgent resuscitation. However resuscitation aims to restore circulating volume, cardiac output and reversal of hypotension (I, Mackenzie 2001). Initially infuse i/v crystalloid or colloid rapidly guided by the clinical response. The optimal resuscitation fluid however, remains the subject of debate. Fluid resuscitation of severe sepsis may consist of natural or artificial colloids or crystalloids. Fluid challenge should be administered and repeated based on response (increase in blood pressure and urine output) and tolerance (V, Jean-louis 2004). Administering large volumes of fluid to patients with known cardiac disease or myocardial dysfunction related to their acute illness is a problem. Ronco, C et al (2004) argued that it is the quantity of fluid given rather than the type of fluid explaining that more crystalloid is needed to achieve the same effect as colloid but colloids are more expensive and carry their own risks. Adequacy of fluid infusion can be facilitated by repeated fluid challenges in which a pre defined amount of fluid e.g. 250 or 500mls is in fused over a set time. Sherman et al (2007) states that aggressiv e volume resuscitation and administering broad spectrum antibiotics should be given early to all septic patients using 2-4litres of normal saline. All patients should be monitored closely to see the response to resuscitation (urine output mental status, BP). If the patients blood pressure is 40mmgh lower than the patients normal BP fluid challenges nacl 0.9% 500ml given over 5-10mins (ALERT 2003). LTHTR Sepsis Care Pathway 2009 states if patient hypotensive give up to 3 boluses of 500ml (0.9% Saline) to maintain MAP>65/systolic 100mmgh. Urinary catheter hourly urine measurements. Perform investigations to confirm or clarify problems that are clinically evident, or to look for complications that are likely. Bloods including FBC, coagulation screen, UE, Liver function, Amylase, cardiac enzymes, Glucose, lactate and ABGs. Other tests may include a blood glucose, ECG and chest x-ray. You may consider sending samples for microbiology to confirm the presence of infection, i.e. blood cultures should be taken, sputum if suspecting chest infection and mid-stream urine (MSU) or catheter specimen of urine f suspecting urine infection. Blood cultures are only to be taken when there is clinical need to do so and not as routine (DOH 2007). Indepth search for the source of sepsis with rapid institution of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Delayed or initially ineffective antibiotic therapy has been shown to be associated with worse prognosis and if it is important that all likely microbial culprits are covered by the empiric antibiotic which can be altered when culture result s are available (Ronco, C et al 2004). Monitoring is not dependent on expensive equipment, but it requires the continuous presence of trained nursing staff. Clear documentation aids the assessment of subtle changes in the patients clinical state. Patients with severe SIRS / sepsis should have observations recorded hourly. Record body temperature, pulse, blood pressure, urine output, CVP, respiratory rate and SpO2 (if available). Accurate fluid balance is essential. An accurate Early Warning Score is essential as per LTHTR trust protocol along with every set of observations taken. EWS used widely throughout the trust it acts as an assessment of recognising deterioration in patients an identifies at risk patients. It requires the charting of observations such as systolic BP, HR, RR on a regular basis each is given a score from 0-3 and then added together to give an EWS. This is then used to trigger further assessment of the patient by senior nursing or medical staff and referral to critical care outreach who support nurses at ward level to tackle early detection and treatment to prevent intensive care admissions. Early detection and recognition of a patient that is deteriorating is vital (DOH 2007). The initial antibiotic prescription is a best guess, and will depend on the clinical picture of the patient, local patterns of antibiotic resistance and the local availability of antibiotics. It should be broad enough to cover the most likely pathogens, but not so broad as to encourage antibiotic resistance. The advice of a local microbiologist or infectious diseases specialist is valuable. Surviving Sepsis Campaign (2008) states the choice of antibiotics should be guided by the susceptibility of likely pathogens in the community and the hospital, as well as any specific knowledge about the patient, including drug intolerance, underlying disease, the clinical syndrome.ÂÂ   The regimen should cover all likely pathogens since there is little margin for error in critically ill patients. There is ample evidence that failure to initiate appropriate therapy promptly (i.e., therapy that is active against the causative pathogen) has adverse consequences on outcome. Although restricting the use of antibiotics, and particularly broad-spectrum antibiotics, is important for limiting super infection and for decreasing the development of antibiotic resistantÂÂ  pathogens, patients with severe sepsis or septic shock warrant broad-spectrum therapy until the causative organism and its antibiotic susceptibilities are defined. Shermon et al (2007) states that early use has been clearly demonstrated to reduce the mortality in sepsis an if no known source of infection is present then give broad spectrum antibiotic therapy to cover aerobic and anaerobic infections. LTHTR Sepsis Care Pathway (2009) states antibiotics to be given in first hour and all antibiotics to be reviewed after 48hours. Medical staff have been implicated in the spread of infectious agents between patients. All staff must wash their hands before and after attending to a patient. Equipment should not be shared between patients if possible, but where this is necessary the equipment should be thoroughly cleaned between patients. Staff should protect themselves and their clothes from becoming contaminated with biological material by wearing disposable aprons and gloves. Visitors should be discouraged from moving between patients. Wounds, including drain sites and intravenous cannulae sites, should be inspected, cleaned and dressed at regular intervals. Intravenous cannulae and central lines should be removed as soon as practical. Ensure correct documentation is filled in i.e. Vascular access device tool, wound charts and care plans as per trust protocol. In conclusion sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals today. Many authors have looked at best practice in the early recognition and treatment of sepsis. It is vital that nurses and clinicians recognise and treat critically ill patients for the best outcome to reduce the risk of deterioration and potential cardiac arrests. NPSA (2007) Recognising and responding appropriately to early signs of deterioration in hospitalised patients. Within LTHTR trust and other trusts there are many policies in ensuring this with the early recognition policy, early warning scores to help assist the staff on recognising the deteriorating patient and sepsis care pathway to assist with the treatment of the deteriorating patient. With the use of these policys and the help of critical care outreach teams within the trust early recognition and treatment within the golden hour reduces the morbidity and mortality thus educing admissions into the intensive care unit. It appears that there remains much discussion into which fluid works best during fluid resuscitation. Trust protocols should be followed. Recognition of at risk patients can only be achieved by appropriate and timely assessment and monitoring. Nice made key recommendations in patients at risk policy, assessment and monitoring, response, critical care and staff competencies the LTHTR policy Procedure for the timely recognition and response for patients at risk of deterioration encompasses these key recommendations. There is no predictive scoring system which gives accurate predictions of outcome for individual patients. Survival from an episode of severe sepsis is dependent the patients age, previous health and the time delay before the onset of medical intervention, as well as the appropriateness and quality of medical care. Few countries have limitless resources, and so difficult decisions face all intensive care doctors when deciding between the potential benefits for one critically ill patient and need for provision of healthcare to several less critically ill patients (I, Mackenzie 2001). Word Count 2008

Morris :: essays research papers

Of French and English descent, Morris was born at Morrisania estate, in Westchester (present Bronx) County, NY, in 1752. His family was wealthy and enjoyed a long record of public service. His elder half-brother, Lewis, signed the Declaration of Independence. Gouverneur was educated by private tutors and at a Huguenot school in New Rochelle. In early life, he lost a leg in a carriage accident. He attended King's College (later Columbia College and University) in New York City, graduating in 1768 at the age of 16. Three years later, after reading law in the city, he gained admission to the bar. When the Revolution loomed on the horizon, Morris became interested in political affairs. Because of his conservatism, however, he at first feared the movement, which he believed would bring mob rule. Furthermore, some of his family and many of his friends were Loyalists. But, beginning in 1775, for some reason he sided with the Whigs. That same year, representing Westchester County, he took a seat in New York's Revolutionary provincial congress (1775-77). In 1776, when he also served in the militia, along with John Jay and Robert R. Livingston he drafted the first constitution of the state. Subsequently he joined its council of safety (1777). In 1777-78 Morris sat in the legislature and in 1778-79 in the Continental Congress, where he numbered among the youngest and most brilliant members. During this period, he signed the Articles of Confederation and drafted instructions for Benjamin Franklin, in Paris, as well as those that provided a partial basis for the treaty ending the War for Independence. Morris was also a close friend of Washington and one of his strongest congressional supporters. Defeated in his bid for reelection to Congress in 1779 because of the opposition of Gov. George Clinton's faction, Morris relocated to Philadelphia and resumed the practice of law. This temporarily removed him from the political scene, but in 1781 he resumed his public career when he became the principal assistant to Robert Morris, Superintendent of Finance for the United States, to whom he was unrelated. Gouverneur held this position for 4 years. Morris emerged as one of the leading figures at the Constitutional Convention. His speeches, more frequent than those by anyone else, numbered 173. Although sometimes presented in a light vein, they were usually substantive. A strong advocate of nationalism and aristocratic rule, he served on many committees, including those on postponed matters and style, and stood in the thick of the decisionmaking process.

Leadership: The MBTI Assessment

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a personality assessment that helps to assess one's psychological preferences based on a psychometric questionnaire. These preferences were extracted from the typological theories proposed by Carl Gustav Jung writings in his book ‘Psychological Types'. The MBTI focuses on normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences. [1] Also recognized commonly as a behavioral assessment tool, the MBTI uses a combination of 4 letters and each represent a clearly defined attribute. Altogether, the MBTI test consists of 16 different personality types that will describe one’s personality in alleged detail. The MBTI test has reviewed that I am type ENTJ which covers aspects of being extraverted, intuitive, thinking and judging altogether but in different extents. According to Dr. David Keirsey, he states that a person with type ENTJ is recognized as a ‘Fieldmarshal’ or basically someone who is a natural born leader as agreed by Joe Butt in his article on ENTJ. He adds that this attribute of Fieldmarshals are a rare breed that are natural at taking the lead, are structural organizers and have an act on devising contingency plans. These collectively form characteristics of a leader who will be decisive and are visionary in setting goals and direction. Having these traits of a leader, Fieldmarshals are expected to take up roles of higher responsibility and will usually take pleasure in them. However their strong devotion to their work may sometimes be a hindrance to their social lifestyles. Another prevalent characteristic of a Fieldmarshal is the tendency to emphasize on efficiency and are usually intolerant of prodigality. [5 &6] I have to admit that while reading the results and review of my personality type; it felt like a strong confirmation of how I evaluate myself. Most of the traits specified were indeed very accurate such that I am a natural leader. I have come to realize that not only do I have the tendency to lead others but I also enjoy taking responsibility and I feel more comfortable in planning ahead rather than doing things spontaneously. Being extraverted is also a spot on because I am that person who would walk across the room to get to know someone new and am not afraid to express my thoughts publicly. Looking at the basis of how the personality results were generated, I still do not comprehend how I only scored 1 in the ‘Thinking’ category as I usually make decisions based on facts and logic. Apart from the MBTI test, the Dominance Influence Steadiness Conscientiousness (DISC) test is also another credible assessment tool that provides an effective feedback and rational to help one identify his/her personal behavior and strengths, thus increasing self-awareness. The DISC assessment is a shorter test as compared to the MBTI and yet yields more specific results from over 19,000 personalized responses and 384 separate behavioral descriptions. [3&4] One other assessment would be the Herrmann Brain Dominance Instrument (HBDI) which measures thinking preferences in people. This model functions very similar to the others by incorporating cognitive style measurement. HBDI in short, adapts a concept of determining one’s dominant thinking style based on analytical, sequential, interpersonal and imaginative aspects. [7&4] Paul D. Tieger and Barbara Barron-Tieger, who are both recognized experts in personality type and career development, agreed that the MBTI can serve as career counselors to guide and find jobs that are best suited for a person. [8] However the Army Research Institute commissioned a review on this and argued that there is no evidence for the utility of the test and further claimed that the classification scheme is limited and may be an example of stereotyping personalities. Other questions have been raised in David Pittenger’s report of how the MBTI instrument comes up short for what it purports to measure. Some of which are mainly concerns on the reliability and validity of the results. [9] Considering all that, the objective of the MBTI is somewhat achieved when it helps to facilitate self-awareness which can then lead to self- improvement. With critical feedback provided, one will be able to realize their potential essentially natural leaders, and also to reaffirm one’s focus on their strengths. As discussed, discretion may be necessary to protect one against undue reliance upon the MBTI especially in career choices.

Cambridge University Press Essay

In literature, the notions of a sovereign and a tyrant were always mixed. Philosophical and theological works have not delineated any clear boundaries between a sovereign and a tyrant. However, several professors have attempted to determine, whether it was permissible to resist a tyrant, and how easily a sovereign could turn into a tyrant. In order to decide whether it is possible to resist a tyrant, we should determine who a tyrant is, and what resistance is meant by the question. Bodin (1992) refers to a tyrant as â€Å"someone who makes himself into a sovereign prince by his own authority – without election, or right of succession, or lot, or a just war, or a special calling from God. † Furthermore, tyrants are identified as those who are â€Å"cruel, oppressive or excessively wicked† (Bodin, 1992). Although ancient writers discussed the possibility of resisting to tyrant, they have not evaluated the risks for such resistance. Any opposition, whether real or imagined (planned) would be equaled to treason. Furthermore, a tyrant is also a sovereign who possesses absolute power and unlimited rights. Bodin (1992) suggests that the nation does not have the right to kill or physically eliminate the tyrant; but it can ignore the decisions that contradict to the laws of nature and God (Bodin, 1992). In this context, we should also remember that to be a sovereign does not necessarily means to be a tyrant; but being a tyrant always implies being a sovereign. It is a matter of ethical and powerful boundaries that each sovereign is able to cross. â€Å"The first prerogative of a sovereign prince is to give law to all in general and each in particular† (Bodin, 1992). This is also a prerogative of a tyrant, but a tyrant gives law without distinguishing between wickedness and virtue (Bodin, 1992). In general, Bodin (1992) concludes that â€Å"it is never permissible for a subject to attempt a thing against a sovereign price, no matter how wicked and cruel a tyrant he may be†. The problem is in that we still lack a proper definition of what a tyrant is. We risk abusing a sovereign for high taxes, but that does not mean that this sovereign is a tyrant! A tyrant may have the right to punish conspirators, but this may also be a natural need to protect one’s right to live (Bodin, 1992). That is why we cannot make tyrants’ elimination lawful. References Bodin, J. (1992). On Sovereignty. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.